A figment of our imagination: What is (and isn’t) imaginary after applying notional lateral loads?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Notional lateral loads are commonly used to capture the effects of initial out-of-plumbness in structures. Because these loads are imaginary, some assume the shear forces in the lateral force resisting system and horizontal reactions at the base can be ignored. However, for most structures, this is incorrect. This paper reviews two models for rationalizing notional loads. The first is a cantilever beam analogy that reinforces the imaginary nature of the horizontal force at the base. The second is a rigid link stabilized by a cantilever beam, which highlights that part of the notional load appears during a direct analysis. An example building is used to reinforce that, while the effect of Canadian notional loads may be artificially large, the portion of the notional load contributed by the gravity framing should not be ignored in the shear design of the lateral force resisting system, foundations, or even piers supporting gravity columns.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it