Ocular Biomechanical Responses to Long-Duration Spaceflight
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Objective:</i> To assess the impact of microgravity exposure on ocular rigidity (OR), intraocular pressure (IOP), and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) following long-term space missions. OR was evaluated using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and deep learning-based choroid segmentation. IOP and OPA were measured with the PASCAL Dynamic Contour Tonometer (DCT). <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Results:</i> The study included 26 eyes from 13 crew members who spent 157 to 186 days on the International Space Station. Post-mission results showed a 25% decrease in OPA (p < 0.005), an 11% decrease in IOP from 16.0 mmHg to 14.2 mmHg (p = 0.04), and a 33% reduction in OR (p = 0.04). No significant differences were observed between novice and experienced astronauts. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Conclusions:</i> These findings reveal previously unknown effects of microgravity on the eye's mechanical properties, contributing to a deeper understanding of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). Long-term space missions significantly alter ocular biomechanics and have the potential to become biomarkers of disease progression.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".