Dietary potassium and cold acclimation additively increase cold tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster
Bibliographic record
Abstract
• Insect cold tolerance varies in relation to ionoregulatory capacity. • Cold acclimation improves cold tolerance and K + handling during cold exposure. • A high K + diet also improves cold tolerance, but reduces the K + -handling capacity. • We highlight a novel mechanism for preventing K + gradient disruption. In the cold, chill susceptible insects lose the ability to regulate ionic and osmotic gradients. This leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that drives a debilitating loss of cell membrane polarization, triggering cell death pathways and causing organismal injury. Biotic and abiotic factors can modulate insect cold tolerance by impacting the ability to mitigate or prevent this cascade of events. In the present study, we test the combined and isolated effects of dietary manipulations and thermal acclimation on cold tolerance in fruit flies. Specifically, we acclimated adult Drosophila melanogaster to 15 or 25 °C and fed them either a K + -loaded diet or a control diet. We then tested the ability of these flies to recover from and survive a cold exposure, as well as their capacity to protect transmembrane K + gradients, and intracellular Na + concentration. As predicted, cold-exposed flies experienced hemolymph hyperkalemia and cold-acclimated flies had improved cold tolerance due to an improved maintenance of the hemolymph K + concentration at low temperature. Feeding on a high-K + diet improved cold tolerance additively, but paradoxically reduced the ability to maintain extracellular K + concentrations. Cold-acclimation and K + -feeding additively increased the intracellular K + concentration, aiding in maintenance of the transmembrane K + gradient during cold exposure despite cold-induced hemolymph hyperkalemia. There was no effect of acclimation or diet on intracellular Na + concentration. These findings suggest intracellular K + loading and reduced muscle membrane K + sensitivity as mechanisms through which cold-acclimated and K + -fed flies are able to tolerate hemolymph hyperkalemia.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".