Early events in midzone formation stabilize nascent bipolar spindles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY The formation of a stable mitotic spindle is critical to the accurate partitioning of the chromosomes during mitosis. Interpolar microtubules of the spindle midzone consist of antiparallel microtubules crosslinked by kinesin-5 and stabilize the spindle by opposing forces produced when sister chromatids are attached to microtubules and under tension. Despite the importance of the interpolar microtubules, how and when they form and what determines their number remain unknown. In this study, we report that a γ-tubulin mutation (γtub-Y445D) disrupts the localization of kinesin-5 and the formation of the interpolar microtubules, resulting in spindle instability. We find that kinesin-5 crosslinking is intact in this mutant, but that it is incapable of the subsequent kinesin-5 microtubule sliding needed to stabilize the nascent spindle. Early activation of the PRC1 homolog Ase1 restores nascent spindle stability to the γtub-Y445D mutant but cannot stabilize spindles during centromere attachment. Our work shows that midzone assembly begins with the formation of interpolar microtubule precursors in monopolar spindles that persist until early metaphase and limit the formation of kinetochore attachments in new spindles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".