Heat Transfer Rate Intensification Using Kite Vortex Generator with Punched Hole
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Air solar heater performance is much dependent on the efficiency of heat transfer process between its absorber plate and air.This could be achieved by improving the flow distribution in through the plates.Therefore, in this simulation study, kite vortex generators with punch holes (KVGH) were used to improve the flow distribution as well as enhance the heat transfer rate.The thermal-hydraulic performance of KVGH is evaluated using a range of attack angles ( = 30, 45, and 60) and hole diameters (d = 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm) for Re = 5000 to 25000.This work has investigated via numerical simulation a total of nine cases.The simulation results indicate that the average Nusselt number and friction factor are significantly higher than the channel without KVGH (smooth channel).As a result, the inclusion of KVGH has significant implications, particularly for improving heat transfer rates.In terms of thermal-hydraulicperformance (THP), the case with attack angle = 45 and d = 2mm achieves the highest value of THP= 1.29.For all attack angles, the highest average THP = 1.26 is achieved for hole diameter d = 2 mm, and the highest average THP = 1.25 is achieved for attack angles of 45 at all hole diameters.The results indicate that for all Reynolds numbers, an increase of 30, 45, and 60 in the attack angle corresponds to a 24.73%, 31.26%, and 31.46%increase in the Nusselt number, and a 6.78%, 11.53%, and 14.72% increase in the friction factor, respectively.For all Reynolds numbers, an increase in the diameter of the punched hole by 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm results in a 30.62%,28.95%, and 27.87% decrease in the Nusselt number, and an 11.93%, 10.77%, and 10.33% decrease in the friction factor, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".