No evidence for pronounced mate-finding Allee effects in the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire)
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Allee effects are density-dependent barriers that can impact species establishment and population growth, such as through reduced mating success at low population densities. The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, has been extremely successful at rapidly expanding its North American range. The impact of mate-finding Allee effects (an important type of component Allee effect) early in the invasion period of the emerald ash borer remains unknown. We measured mating success in females as a function of beetle abundance in Halifax, Canada, where the emerald ash borer was recently discovered, and in Connecticut USA, where it has been established for over a decade. We measured relative population abundance and sampled beetles using different strategies. In Halifax, we placed clusters of prism traps along an invasion gradient of emerald ash borer abundance, and in Connecticut, we collected beetles from foraging Cerceris fumipennis females. We dissected female reproductive tracts to measure mating success. We fit a linear regression to the mating success of females as a function of beetle abundance. We found that emerald ash borer did not present a pronounced mate-finding Allee effect as there was no positive relationship between female mating success and abundance. Lack of pronounced component Allee effects that impede population growth may explain rapid range expansion in species that are highly invasive, such as the emerald ash borer.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it