Investigation of the Relationship Between Kinesiophobia and Pain, Quality of Life and Physical Functions in Osteoarthritis Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, degenerative joint disease that is characterised by joint pain and stiffness. The development of kinesiophobia is common in OA patients, especially related to pain and loss of function. The aim of our study was to determine the relationship between kinesiophobia and pain, quality of life and physical functions in patients with knee OA. Material and Method: A total of 60 patients (30 females and 30 males, aged 40-65 years) diagnosed with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 2 and 3 OA participated in this cross-sectional study. Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scales and Timed Up and Go (TUG), 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT), The Five Repetition Sit to Stand Test (5STS) and Stair-Climbing Test (SCT) functional tests were performed. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the male and female groups in all scales and functional test results, with the exception of TSK (p
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".