A Case of Paroxysmal Tonic Spasms in Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized primarily by recurrent optic neuritis and myelitis, having a strong association with aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody.1 NMOSD is uncommon in the general population, with an estimated incidence ranging from 0.05 to 0.4 per 100,000 per year and prevalence of 0.52 to 4.4/100,000, and is even more rare in the pediatric population. 2 AQP4 antibody seropositivity has been reported in approximately 40% of pediatric NMOSD.3 A potential complication of NMOSD is paroxysmal (painful) tonic spasms (PTS), which have been associated with myelitis in adult NMOSD populations.[4][5][6] These are characterized by painful, stereotyped and recurrent spasms of one or more limbs and/or trunk.We present a case of PTS in pediatric NMOSD, highlighting the importance of recognizing this rare condition in children.A 14-year-old female, with no health problems aside from short stature was admitted to a pediatric tertiary care center with a threeday history of intractable non-bloody, non-bilious emesis and excessive hiccups.She also reported numbness to her upper neck and bilateral shoulders and arms in a cape-like distribution.She
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".