The Landless Rural Workers’ Movement (MST) and the Struggle for Agrarian Reform in Brazil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, or Landless Rural Workers’ Movement (MST) is presently one of the largest, best organized, and most influential social movements in Latin America. The MST is one of the key founders of the Via Campesina, or Peasant Way, a global peasant movement dedicated to the struggle for agrarian reform. The MST is well known for linking both political and economic activism to contest authoritarian power structures in the Brazilian countryside. Agrarian reform is one of the most important objectives in this process. Since its formation in 1984, the MST has maintained the view that agrarian reform is fundamental to reversing Brazil’s long history of systemic marginalization of peasants and Indigenous people. Colonialism left a sad historical legacy of extreme concentration of land in the hands of a privileged few, and this situation has not changed. Brazil’s agrarian structure is controlled by a small minority that continue to promote a large-scale export-oriented agricultural economy. Currently, Brazil is the fourth largest agricultural economy in the world, exporting a high volume of diverse agricultural products such as soybean, beef, sugarcane, citrus fruit, and poultry to global markets. Yet, the intensive expansion of this export-oriented agricultural economy has caused immense human suffering and environmental destruction. These challenges have prompted the MST to propose a new vision of agrarian reform that integrates political and economic activism. Without comprehensive agrarian reform, Brazil will continue to be an inequitable society.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".