Effect of a PFAS solution on short-term behaviour of a LLDPE and an HPDE geomembrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals formed by carbon chains where fluorine atoms replace one or more hydrogen atoms. These bonds are extremely stable and PFAS components are known to be persistent environmental contaminants. The impact of these contaminants on two geomembranes is studied. Specifically, the short-term behaviour of a linear-low density LLDPE and a high-density HDPE polyethylene geomembrane immersed in a PFAS solution at an evaluated temperature is examined after 6.5 months of ageing. Results are presented for a PFAS solution with each priority component at 20 ppm or 1 ppm, a control solution (deionized water with CaCO 3 28 ppm), and an MSW leachate solution at two representative temperatures of landfills (65°C and 85°C). Results show significant depletion of oxidative induction time (OIT) due to the consumption of antioxidants present in these materials. The values obtained suggest the need to consider the potential impacts of PFAS on the performance of geomembranes used in barrier systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".