A Remotely Delivered, Aerobic And Resistance Exercise Training Program For Mental Health In Women Living With And Beyond Breast Cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Women living with and beyond breast cancer (LWBBC) who received chemotherapy treatment are at a heightened risk for experiencing poor mental health (i.e., anxiety and depression). The purpose of this two-arm, mixed-methods pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to examine the mental health outcomes of an 8-week, supervised, remotely delivered, combined (i.e., aerobic + resistance) exercise training program versus an active control (i.e., balance + flexibility) in women LWBBC who underwent chemotherapy treatment. METHODS: Women LWBBC were recruited between February-July 2023 through community organizations across Canada. The combined exercise group participated in 3x/wk of 30 min unsupervised aerobic exercise; 2x/wk of 30-min supervised, group-based resistance class +1x/wk recorded class; and four guided, group-based, bi-weekly behavioural counselling sessions. The active control group received 2x/wk of 30-min balance and flexibility class +1x/wk recorded class. All quantitative measures (i.e., primary outcomes of anxiety, depression, and secondary outcomes of self-efficacy, and self-esteem) were obtained at pre-and post-intervention (i.e., 8 weeks). Separate analyses of covariance examined changes in primary and secondary outcomes between groups. Semi-structured interviews were conducted post-intervention and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Women LWBBC (N = 21; M = 51.6 ± 7.2 years) were randomized to the combined exercise (n = 10) and active control (n = 11) group and had a mean months since treatment of 11.8 ± 12.9. Improvements with a small effect size in depression (MDiff = -0.89, p = 0.49, ηp2 = 0.03), anxiety (MDiff = -0.08, p = 0.96, ηp2 = 0.00), and self-efficacy (MDiff = 1.41, p = 0.65, ηp2 = 0.01) favoured the combined exercise group, but self-esteem (MDiff = 1.25, p = 0.48, ηp2 = 0.03) favoured the active control group with a small effect size. Women LWBBC discussed improved perceived capability, which translated to feelings of empowerment, greater mood, and ability to cope with stress. CONCLUSIONS:Preliminary evidence suggests that a supervised, remotely delivered, combined exercise intervention may be an effective method to improve mental health among women LWBBC. Future RCTs powered to detect significant improvements in mental health are warranted University of Toronto, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education; PI Startup Funds from Dr. Linda Trinh
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".