Advanced SEU and MBU Vulnerability Assessment of Deep Neural Networks in Air-to-Air Collision Avoidance Systems via SAT-Based Techniques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deep neural networks (DNNs) are being widely used to solve real-world challenges. Their algorithms can be impacted by environmental and cyber threats, and the difficulty of giving formal guarantees regarding their behavior under attack is a fundamental challenge for employing them in safety-critical systems. In this work, we analyze the impact of single-event upsets (SEUs) and multiple-bit upsets (MBUs) on DNNs. The verification procedure is intended to ensure that a network of interest complies with safety requirements and is dependable in critical conditions. We thus investigate the application of SAT-based analytic methodology to gain insight about the behavior and vulnerabilities of DNNs in safety-critical applications. The vertical collision avoidance system (VCAS) is used as a bench-mark to illustrate our methodology and our experimental findings show that the resilience of neural networks differ depending on the number of weight changes that occur.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".