3D printed cathodes for microbial electrolysis cell-assisted anaerobic digester: Evaluation of performance, resilience, and fluid dynamics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study comprehensively evaluated the performance of 3D printed electrodes with different lattice structures (Cubic, Diamond, Schwartz, and SplitP) in microbial electrolysis cell-assisted anaerobic digestion (MEC-AD) systems under various power supply conditions (24 h ON, 18 h ON, 12 h ON, and 6 h ON). The shortest startup time (2 days) and the highest biomethane production (534.8 ± 30 L/m 3 ) under continuous power supply mode (24 h ON) was achieved by SplitP-MEC-AD, which possessed the largest surface area, but it achieved the lowest current density generation and biomethane production under intermittent power supply modes (18 h–6 h ON). The computational fluid dynamics analysis revealed that SplitP-MEC-AD experienced significantly high turbulence (turbulent kinetic energy = 0.86141 m 2 /s 2 , max fluid velocity = 2.95 m/s), which may have hindered the cathode biofilm combined with unfavorable intermittent power supply conditions. The highest current densities were always achieved by Cubic-MEC-AD, which had the lowest resistance. Diamond-MEC-AD (larger surface area and lower resistance) achieved the highest biomethane generation (411.4 ± 53.7 L/m 3 ) during the intermittent power supply. Cathodic microbial communities differed significantly among MEC-ADs, possibly due to varying geometries. Our research indicates that both Cubic and Diamond electrodes are suitable cathode choices for MEC-AD systems with further modifications.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".