Anomaly Detection in Brain Tumor Imaging: Few-Shot Learning with Generative Models and Knowledge Transfer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anomaly detection plays a vital role in the early identification of brain tumors in MRI scans, and it directly impacts diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. Despite its importance, current methods often fall short in handling sparse labeled data and precisely localizing anomalies. In this study, an innovative method that integrates Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) with few-shot learning and transfer learning techniques, offering a new perspective in handling scarce labeled data in medical image analysis. At the core of the proposed method is a Vision Transformer-based generator, showcasing the dedication to advancing medical diagnostics technology. This generator, paired with a uniquely adapted discriminator benefiting from a pre-trained VGG16 network, enhances the model’s efficiency and accuracy in anomaly detection. The efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated through its ability to distinguish between normal and patho- logical brain images obtained from a public dataset. In our study, the model achieved anomaly scores of approximately $0.14 \pm 0.18$ for normal images and $0.23 \pm 0.76$ for abnormal images. The enhanced precision achieved in anomaly detection and localization signifies a notable advancement beyond current methodologies. These outcomes pave the way for the creation of increasingly sophisticated and dependable diagnostic instruments, thereby facilitating more precise detection of brain tumors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".