Association of serum interleukin-17 level and Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a common pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays a role in host defense and contributes to disease severity in infection. This present study aims to investigate the association between Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and changes of IL-17 level in the serum of pediatric patients. Methods: The protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023489451). A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to October 2023. A meta-analysis was performed to pool the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of IL-17 levels between patients and controls. Publication bias was assessed, and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Out of 207 records, 10 studies were included in the review and 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Of these, 7 studies compared IL-17 in general MPP patients with controls, 6 studies compared severe MPP patients with mild MPP patients. Serum IL-17 levels were significantly elevated in general MPP patients compared with control (MD =33.94 pg/mL, 95% CI: 24.66, 43.22 pg/mL, P=0.01, I2=99.07%; P=0.01). Subgroup analyses showed a difference in serum IL-17 levels treated by macrolide between patients and control (MD =83.96 pg/mL, 95% CI: 76.62, 91.29 pg/mL, P=0.01). In severe and mild MPP, the IL-17 levels were significantly increased (MD =19.08 pg/mL, 95% CI: 11.51, 26.65 pg/mL, P=0.01) and heterogeneity was appeared (I2=99.39%; P=0.01). For the risks of bias, two studies had a “high risk” in comparability domain, and the 7 studies were classified as “low risk” and “unclear risk”. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis revealed that serum IL-17 levels are significantly elevated in pediatric with general and severe MPP. IL-17 might be a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.022 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.018 | 0.036 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".