Does perspective-distortion modulate the temporal tuning of symmetry responses?
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Symmetry is a highly salient feature in both natural and man-made environments. Numerous species are sensitive to symmetry, and symmetry is thought to be an important cue for visual tasks, including viewpoint-invariant representation of objects, detection of regularity and structure, and mate selection. However, although symmetries are common in natural and artificial objects and scenes, they are subject to perspective-distortion and thus rarely give rise to symmetrical patterns on the retina during natural vision. Here, we build on previous studies showing that perspective-distortion makes symmetry responses weaker and more task-dependent (Makin et al., 2014; Keefe et al., 2018) by investigating the effect of perspective-distortion on the temporal tuning of symmetry responses. We used novel, naturalistic 3D objects that had reflection symmetry over a vertical axis. The objects were procedurally generated along with well-matched control objects without any symmetries and then rendered to produce images in which object symmetries are either present in the image-plane or perspective-distorted. We measured visual system responses to image-plane and perspective-distorted symmetry using high-density EEG with a Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) paradigm in which images of symmetrical objects alternate with images of control objects. This makes it possible to isolate symmetry-specific brain activity in the odd harmonics of the stimulation frequency. To investigate the temporal tuning of these responses, we used seven different stimulation frequencies in different conditions, between 1 and 10 Hz. We collected data from 30 participants with normal or corrected-to-normal visual acuity. We found that for both image-plane and perspective-distorted symmetry, responses peak at 2 Hz and are much reduced at higher frequencies across electrodes over occipital and temporal cortex. Response amplitudes were generally higher for image-plane symmetry, but surprisingly, the spatial tuning was not strongly modulated by perspective-distortion. Further investigations will determine how distinct visual regions may contribute to these results.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it