Design and Analysis of an Ultra-Wideband Low Side-Lobe High-Gain Omnidirectional Antenna
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The advancement of the latest WiFi standard has spurred the development of a novel antenna design. A novel antenna design with broadband, low side-lobe, and high-gain omnidirectional radiation is proposed in this paper to achieve high-speed WiFi signal transmission. This design involves an innovative modification of the ground plane in a rectangular microstrip patch antenna, effectively achieving ultra-wideband, low side-lobe, and omnidirectional radiation characteristics. A 1 × 4 series-fed array, composed of antenna units with these attributes, is utilized to attain the antenna's high-gain feature. Simulation results using CST Microwave Studio® demonstrate that the designed antenna array can achieve a reflection coefficient of less than -10 dB in the range of 3.5 GHz to 10.4 GHz, and the side-lobe levels are consistently below -10 dB in the range of 3.8 GHz to 6.2 GHz, with gains exceeding 6 dBi. The electric field distribution analysis of the patch units substantiates the antenna's omnidirectional radiation capability. The designed antenna possesses advantages such as compact size, light weight, and ease of implementation, making it suitable for WiFi 7 applications and other similar areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".