Beam Steering of Traveling-Wave Slot Array Antenna at Fixed Frequency Using Programmable Metawall
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The main challenge for traveling-wave antennas is how to steer the radiation beam at a fixed frequency. This paper presents a novel method for dynamic beam-steering of traveling-wave slot array antenna at a fixed frequency with sustained gain and good impedance matching. Herein, using the appropriate position of the lateral wall of the waveguide, which is named metawall, a steering beam can be directed in the desired direction at a fixed frequency. Perturbation theory is used to analyze the performance of the structure. The proposed structure can be implemented by using an array of meta-atoms instead of the waveguide lateral walls so that by changing their reflection phase via a bias signal, they behave in the same way as the physical changes of the wall. Therefore, the main beam direction is electronically controlled. In the proposed antenna, scan the main beam between 31° and 60° at 10 GHz. Numerical simulations and theoretical predictions showed excellent agreement with proof-of-concept experiments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".