Vulnerabilities of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast on Aircraft: Survey
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transport Canada and NAV Canada have mandated that aircraft be fitted with Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) capability [1]. This mandate currently applies to aircraft flying in some airspace classes, with plans to expand it to other classes in the future. ADS-B, which relies on ground-based and space-based systems, is used to determine the position, speed and other parameters of an aircraft fitted with an ADS-B Out system [2]. However, there are security concerns and potential vulnerabilities in ADS-B. Attacks pose serious security concerns to the aviation industry for both civilian and military aircraft. Attacks vary from eavesdropping to data modification and jamming [2]–[5]. This paper will first briefly describe ADS-B and survey existing ADS-B vulnerabilities to gain a better understanding of threats against that technology. This paper will also study potential solutions, such as encryption and authentication, that can mitigate vulnerabilities.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it