Agency and Creativity in Exclusionist North America: Chinese Overseas Student Writings of Chen Hengzhe and Xie Fuya (1919–1926)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Already on American soil, many Chinese student travelers sought to use their time to explore and turn their experiences into published works and travelogues. As a result, these routes and the writings that accompany them demonstrate a spectrum of Chinese experiences in North America during the Exclusion Era. The Chinese narrators in the writings of elite overseas Chinese students Chen Hengzhe ( 陈衡哲 ; 1890–1976) and Xie Fuya ( 谢扶雅 ; 1892–1991) carve a minor subjectivity through prose and poetry respectively that contributes to critical global history. Their voices are a creative vocalization of overcoming legal restraints placed on ethnic Chinese in textual representation that goes beyond narratives of oppression and resistance. The archives present an interesting and important perspective on Chinese raced bodies in twentieth-century North America.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".