Influence of Spiral Stiffeners’ Symmetric and Asymmetric Angles on Nonlinear Vibration Responses of Multilayer FG Cylindrical Shells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study utilizes a semi-analytical approach to examine the nonlinear dynamic responses of multilayer functionally graded (MFG) cylindrical shells reinforced by FG spiral stiffeners (FGSSs), which may have symmetric or asymmetric angles, under a thermal condition. It is presumed that the temperature is distributed across the thickness direction. The shell includes three layers: an outer ceramic-rich layer, a middle FG layer, and an inner metal-rich layer. By applying classical shell theory (CST), the smeared stiffeners technique, von Kármán equations, and the Galerkin method, the problem of nonlinear vibrations (NVs) has been addressed. Furthermore, the method of multiple scales (MMSs) is applied to investigate the nonlinear vibrational characteristics of the MFG cylindrical shells reinforced by FGSS, particularly focusing on the 1:2:4 internal resonance and the subharmonic resonance of order 1/2. This study finds that FG spiral stiffeners with symmetric or asymmetric angles and ambient temperature significantly affect the vibrational properties of the MFG cylindrical shells reinforced by spiral stiffeners.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".