The Effect of Silver Particle Distribution in a Carbon Nanocomposite Interlayer on Lithium Plating in Anode-Free All-Solid-State Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Solid-state batteries can outperform lithium-ion batteries in energy per unit mass and per unit volume when operating with a Li metal anode. However, metallic Li anodes pose significant manufacturing challenges. Anode-free cells avoid these challenges by plating metallic Li at the anode on the first charge, but subsequent non-uniform cyclic Li stripping and plating encourages unwanted Li dendrite growth, decreased coulombic efficiency, and early cell failure. We report a new spray-printed nanocomposite bilayer of silver/carbon black (Ag/CB) between the anodic current collector and Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte with Ag concentrated at the current collector. Compared with previous Ag/CB mixtures, the bilayer ensured more uniform Li anode formation and improved cycling performance. Cells with a high-Ni oxide cathode had initial discharge capacity > 190 mAh/g and coulombic efficiency > 98% over 100 cycles. The Li plating uniformity with the structured Ag/CB interlayer was confirmed using secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".