Leisure activities, substance use and psychological health among Hungarian adolescents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During the past several decades, adolescents’ leisure has undergone several important changes due to, for example, alternative modes of entertainment, such as video gaming and social media which have had a significant influence on their well-being. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships of adolescents’ leisure activities to their substance use and psychological health. Participants were middle and high school students (N = 2,239, aged between 12 and 18 years, M = 14.61 years, SD = 1.71; 51.8% females) using data drawn from the Szeged Youth Study 2022, Hungary. Peer-based leisure was positively associated with all types of substance use. Playing and gaming leisure showed a negative relationship with psychosomatic and depressive symptomatology. Aesthetic-sophisticated and family-based leisure proved the most beneficial for psychological health and health behaviour, and it was also the strongest predictor of adolescents’ life satisfaction. Arts, hobbies and internet use played a beneficial role.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".