A noncanonical glycoprotein H complex enhances cytomegalovirus entry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes severe birth defects, lifelong health complications, and $4 billion in annual costs in the United States alone. A major challenge in vaccine design is the incomplete understanding of the diverse protein complexes the virus uses to infect cells. In Herpesviridae , the gH/gL glycoprotein heterodimer is expected to be a basal element of virion cell entry machinery. For HCMV, gH/gL forms a “trimer” with gO and a “pentamer” with UL128, UL130, and UL131A, with each complex binding distinct receptors to enter varied cell types. Here, we reveal a third glycoprotein complex, abundant in HCMV virions, which significantly enhances infection of endothelial cells. In this “3-mer” complex, gH, without gL, associates with UL116 and UL141, an immunoevasin previously known to function in an intracellular role. Cryo-EM reveals the virion-surface 3-mer is structurally unique among Herpesviridae gH complexes, with gH-only scaffolding, UL141-mediated dimerization and a heavily glycosylated UL116 cap. Given that antibodies directed at gH and UL141 each can restrict HCMV replication, our work highlights this virion surface complex as a new target for vaccines and antiviral therapies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".