Stability of long uniform slopes in cohesionless soils with seepage parallel to slope surface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A method is employed in this paper for the computation of earth pressures mobilized by landslides in cohesionless soil slopes against retention systems. For calculation purposes, the water table is taken to be parallel to the slope and at a depth z w . Steady seepage is assumed to be taking place in a direction parallel to the slope. End effects are taken into account. In the upper part of the slope, the soil is considered to be in a Rankine active state of equilibrium and a Rankine passive state of equilibrium is assumed to reign in the lower part of the slope. The infinite slope concept is applied to the central part of the slope. The theory shows that the slip surfaces below the water table are curved, not straight lines. The theoretical procedure developed in the present paper was applied to the analysis of an initially unstable long slope that failed in spite of the presence of a shear pile wall made up of a row of closely spaced 1m-diameter bored piles. The retaining system was designed based on the Rankine active state of equilibrium, using a factor of safety of about 1.7 . It is shown that, as the shear pile wall was located in the lower part of the slope, it was subjected to a much greater force, compatible with a Rankine passive state of equilibrium, corresponding to a factor of safety of about 0.9. As a result, the shear pile wall was doomed to fail. • Computation of Rankine’s earth pressure. • Stability of long uniform slopes. • Seepage parallel to slope surface. • Pressures mobilized by landslides.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".