Canadian Adult Reference Data for Body Composition, Trabecular Bone Score and Advanced Hip Analysis Using DXA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
DXA-derived reference data for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and advanced hip analysis (AHA) parameters spanning the entire adult lifespan are limited. The purpose of this study was to develop age-, site- and sex-specific reference data for dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) -derived body composition, trabecular bone score (TBS) and advanced hip analysis (AHA) parameters across the adult lifespan. Adults (N = 908; female: 561 and male: 347) from Calgary and the surrounding area over the age of 20 years participated in this study. Participants received DXA scans of their hip (total hip [TH] and femoral neck [FN]), lumbar spine [LS], forearm [33 % site] and total body (iDXA, GE Lunar, GE Healthcare). Areal bone mineral density (aBMD, g/cm 2 ) was captured at all sites, and body composition variables, including lean mass, fat mass and percent fat, were analyzed from the total body scan. VAT mass was assessed from total body DXA scans. Advanced hip analysis (AHA) was performed on hip scans and trabecular bone score (TBS) on the LS scans to assess bone quality. Site- and sex-specific centile curves and tables were generated using the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) method. Clinicians and researchers can use these Canadian reference data as a tool to assess body composition, TBS and AHA parameters across the adult lifespan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".