Feedback regulation of retinaldehyde reductase <scp>DHRS3</scp> , a critical determinant of retinoic acid homeostasis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Retinoic acid is crucial for vertebrate embryogenesis, influencing anterior-posterior patterning and organogenesis through its interaction with nuclear hormone receptors comprising heterodimers of retinoic acid receptors (RARα, β, or γ) and retinoid X receptors (RXRα, β, or γ). Tissue retinoic acid levels are tightly regulated since both its excess and deficiency are deleterious. Dehydrogenase/reductase 3 (DHRS3) plays a critical role in this regulation by converting retinaldehyde to retinol, preventing excessive retinoic acid formation. Mutations in DHRS3 can result in embryonic lethality and congenital defects. This study shows that mouse Dhrs3 expression is responsive to vitamin A status and is directly regulated by the RAR/RXR complex through cis-regulatory elements. This highlights a negative feedback mechanism that ensures retinoic acid homeostasis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".