Circulating Extracellular Mitochondria in Cardiometabolic Disease: Harnessing the Potential for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial for cellular functioning, serving as both an intracellular energy source and a signaling organelle. Recent evidence also highlights their existence outside of cells, where they participate in cell-to-cell communication. Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) has a complex pathogenesis closely associated with mitochondrial dysregulation, inflammation, and metabolic abnormalities. This review explores the roles of circulating extracellular mitochondria (CEMI) in CMD, detailing how their various forms, whether as intact structures or within vesicles, contribute to CMD pathogenesis. We classify different forms of CEMIs and discuss their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic agents in CMDs. We also describe mitochondrial transplantation as an emerging therapy for restoring cellular function in damaged tissues. Finally, to standardize CEMI assessment, we propose the Universal CEMI Assessment Protocol (UCAP), a framework aimed at enhancing comparability and reproducibility across studies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".