Subtypes of Childhood Trauma Exposure Associated with Earlier Onset and Delayed Treatment in Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder: A CaseControl Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies on bipolar disorder (BD) have suggested that exposure to childhood trauma (CT) and rapid cycling BD (RC-BD) are associated with earlier onset and overall worse prognosis. The association between CT exposure and RC-BD in patients from low/middle-income countries has not been sufficiently characterized. Therefore, we performed a case–control study of patients with RC-BD (n = 35), patients without RC-BD (n = 35), and healthy controls (HC) (n = 105) in a low/middle-income country, Colombia, to evaluate CT exposure and RC-BD for clinical associations. We reported a significant number of patients with RC-BD exposed to physical abuse and/or sexual abuse compared with patients without RC-BD during the course of illness. In addition, CT exposure and RC-BD were associated with an earlier age of onset and delayed diagnosis and treatment. In the future, recognition of early CT exposure in populations at risk for BD may help tailor precise interventions and thus change the course of illness and worse prognosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".