The relationship between cognitive and physical development of 5-year-old children, conceived through in vitro fertilization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The cognitive development of children is closely related to their physical development and health. The scientific interest to identifying the relationships between cognitive and physical development of children born after in vitro fertilization (IVF) is based on the contradictory data about their mental and physical development. Methodological limitations are related to the fact that most studies are cross-sectional and are limited to early childhood, and studies of the relationship between physical and cognitive development have been mostly conducted on a sample of children not selected by conception method. The aims of this study were: to identify the characteristics of the cognitive and physical development of children aged 5 years conceived through IVF and to assess the relationship between their cognitive and physical development. The data were collected from the families participating in the Prospective Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study of child development when their children reached the age of 5 years. The sample included 81 children conceived through IVF and 130 children conceived spontaneously. The Parent-Administered PARCA and Parent-reported PARCA were used to diagnose cognitive development and cognitive motivation, and the questionnaires by the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development research group were used to diagnose sleep, nutrition, physical development, and health. Children conceived through IVF demonstrated significantly higher levels of general knowledge, experienced fewer feeding difficulties, went to bed at an earlier time, and suffered less skin infections compared to the control group. Girls conceived through IVF had a lower body mass index (BMI) compared to spontaneously conceived girls. In families who conceived children through IVF, significant correlations of sleep duration, feeding difficulties and BMI with indicators of cognitive development were observed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".