Perception of Women in Water Supply and Associated Health Risks in the Use of Harvested Stored Rainwater in Enugu State, Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) has become a necessity in many Nigerian communities due to water scarcity, particularly during the dry season. This study examines the perception of women in water supply and associated health risks in the use of harvested stored rainwater in Enugu-Ezike, Enugu State. Field observation, random in-depth interviews etc., are inclusive in the qualitative methods employed in the study. Laboratory analysis of physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of stored RWH samples (hand dug well and drinking vessels) were also carried out. Findings show that rural, poor and deprived women suffered consistent water stress and shortage in dry seasons and this accounts for 84% of them being dependent on stored rainwater harvesting. Findings show that RWH stored water is unfit for drinking and has health risks with high possibilities; it causes cholera and typhoid repeatedly in children. The study also shows other ramifications of water scarcity in the case study area, including the gendered burden of fetching water and the health implications of this.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".