Rapid declines in freshwater gastropods in Pune city, India
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We studied freshwater gastropod fauna in a heavily urbanized region in tropical India, across a range of habitat types. A total of 16 species were found from a two-year survey, which is a decline of 27% compared to studies completed in the 1970s. Planorbidae was the most species rich family in the collection, with five species. Racesina luteola (Lamarck, 1822) was the most commonly occurring species in the collection. Three non-native species, including Pomacea diffusa (Blume, 1957), are also reported. Habitat type influenced species occurrences, although lentic and lotic habitats were largely similar in their fauna. Many species reported previously were missing from the current survey, along with an increased incidence of non-native species which were absent from earlier reports. This decline in species richness, particularly of native species, alongside an increased incidence and spread of non-native species in the region, highlights the impact of urbanization on the freshwater gastropod community.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".