An Early Permian transpressional continental arc and arc–arc collision recorded in the Baidunzi Complex, southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt, NW China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our multidisciplinary study of the southern Beishan Orogen in NW China, located between the Tienshan and Solonker suture zones, sheds light on the closure of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean and the termination of orogenesis in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. We identify the Baidunzi Complex, an exotic Permian transpressional continental arc terrane, which is characterized by sheared and isoclinally folded metasedimentary and syn-kinematic plutonic rocks transformed into upper greenschist to amphibolite tectonites. The complex consists of basement rocks of thick-bedded orthoquartzite and orthogneiss, Carboniferous–Permian metasedimentary strata (including volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, marble and marl interlayered with psammite) and the Baidunzi Intrusive Suite featuring 294–289 Ma hornblende diorite, tonalite, granodiorite and granite. The late intrusive rocks, including leucogranite to trondhjemite sills and a stitching gabbro unit, suggest an amalgamation age of 281–280 Ma between the Baidunzi and Ganquan arcs. The spatial and temporal linkage between the Baidunzi continental arc and the Liuyuan back-arc–Ganquan arc suggests that they were either built on a coeval doubly vergent subduction system or from the same north-vergent subduction system and then structurally juxtaposed by sinistral convergence. Geochronological and Hf isotope evidence, along with the continental rock affinity, indicates a close association between the Baidunzi Complex and the northern margin of the Tarim Craton during the break-up of Gondwana and the assembly of Pangaea.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".