Material balance analysis of water influx into an undersaturated oil reservoir using pot aquifer model: a case study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Early water breakthrough due to pressure depletion is often attributed to a strong water drive and must be established to avoid wrong reserves estimation and planning. In this study, we evaluated the Safsaf C reservoir, an undersaturated oil reservoir in North Africa that experienced early water breakthrough at 62 days after the commencement of oil production. To establish or disprove the presumption of it producing under a strong water drive, we critically analyzed the reservoir using the Material Balance Equation (MBE) coupled with the pot aquifer water influx model. The Campbell plot showed a weak aquifer, and the Solution plot confirmed aquifer presence. The pot aquifer plot gave the original aquifer in place an estimate of about 28.42 mmRB, which is about half the size of the estimated hydrocarbon pore volume of 51.15 mmRB. Water influx plots produced improved Oil initially in place (OIIP) estimates in the range of 11.50 to 12.20 mmSTB. The aquifer influx profiles show that water encroaches into the reservoir at a rate of 742 rbl/d. This approach is suitable when little is known about the aquifer and provides reliable estimates of OIIP and the degree of aquifer support for reservoirs bounded by small aquifers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".