Postural Sway Characteristics in Static Balance Control of Youth Female Soccer Players
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: Balance control, particularly in uni-lateral domain, is essential in soccer. Majority of the existing studies examined dynamic balance via clinical tools, and primarily involved male players. Thus, the purpose here was to examine the nature of Center of Pressure (COP) postural sway in youth female players across bipedal and unipedal conditions Methods: Sixteen pre-adolescent female competitive players (age 12.4±21.40 years) were asked to stand on a force plate in bi-pedal stance with the dominant and non-dominant legs respectively. Three, 10 second trials were carried out for each condition. Results: As expected, across the four COP measures bi-pedal stance resulted in least sway (P= .05). However, the subsequent analysis showed different center of pressure (COP) profiles in the dominant versus non-dominant condition across COP velocity (P= .003), path length (P= .001) and anterior-posterior (AP) sway (P= .003), with sway area revealing no statistical differences (P= .821). In addition, the analysis of stabilograms confirmed that in the non-dominant condition the pronounced COP oscillations were of lower amplitude and frequency as compared to the dominant leg. Conclusions: Overall, postural asymmetry was found as the sway characteristics on both legs differed, with dominant side exhibiting more sway and faster COP oscillations. In line with the inverted pendulum model, this may be due to less than optimal ability to modulate muscle torques generated at the ankle. It is hypothesized that the postural asymmetry between the dominant and non-dominant legs may result from muscular asymmetries that have been often reported in youth soccer players, as a result of their pronounced foot dominance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".