THE FIRST INFORMATION ABOUT MORMONS IN THE RUSSIAN PERIODICALS (1850–1857)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article examines the first information about the Mormons (the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) in Russia, contained in messages, notes and articles in the periodical press (1850–1857). The unique phenomenon of the Mormons and their successful development of vast territories in the Great Salt Lake and Rocky Mountains attracted the attention of contemporaries not only in the United States, but also in other countries. An analysis of information about the religious organization, its features, main ideas, emergence, history and prospects contained in the Russian periodicals was carried out. It is shown that the first domestic researchers provided mostly reliable information about early Mormonism. The Mormon religious movement was founded by the Prophet Joseph Smith, Jr. (1805-1844) in western New York in 1830. Tens of thousands of supporters joined the new religious movement in the 1830s and 1840s, including numerous converted immigrants from Canada and Western Europe. Domestic journalists and publicists noted that Mormons were constantly persecuted and forced to migrate to the Western United States. After the death of the first prophet at the hands of local militias in 1844, they were led by Brigham Young (1801-1877). In 1847, under his leadership, the migration of Mormons to Western America began on the territory of Utah, where they created a quasi-state entity that existed until the 1890s. In the Russian periodical press in the 1850s, along with reliable information, there were also ridiculous rumors, unfounded assumptions, myths, distorted and sometimes completely false information about Mormons. This was largely due to the inconsistency of the early history of the Mormons and the unverified data about them that was distributed in American and European journalism of the XIXth century.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".