Seismic Performance Assessment of GFRP-RC Circular Columns under High Torsion Combined with Bending and Shear Cyclic Loading
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study presents the results of an investigation into the seismic performance of six large-scale concrete circular columns reinforced with glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcement. Among these columns, one underwent concentric reversed cyclic lateral loading, causing bending and shear, while the remaining five columns experienced eccentric cyclic lateral loading, causing additional torsional stresses. The test variables included the torsion-to-bending moment ratio, transverse and longitudinal reinforcement ratios, and concrete compressive strength. The test results indicated that the concurrent cyclic torsion and lateral drift reversals significantly altered the behavior of concrete members in terms of mode of failure, lateral load resistance, drift capacity, and energy dissipation. It was found that adequately confined columns exhibited a notable reduction in concrete core deterioration, thereby preventing the decline in both bending and torsional strength. Furthermore, the paper examined the validity of the North American design provisions predicting the torsional strength of GFRP-reinforced concrete members subjected to combined seismic loading. Amendments to the GFRP tensile stress limits specified in these provisions were introduced, yielding better and safer predictions for the torque capacity of the tested columns.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".