Examining the Effects of Toxic Work Environments on Young Workers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Toxic work environments, defined by frequent and severe instances of negativity, abuse, and neglect in a workplace, can have detrimental impacts on the mental health of young employees. Survey data were collected from 555 students, aged 17-24, who had been employed during the previous 12 months. Moderated mediation analyses indicated no evidence that social support or work-related self-perceptions mitigated the impact of toxic work environments on stress; however, a simple mediation analysis indicated there were significant indirect effects, such that toxic work environments predicted stress, which in turn, predicted depression, anxiety, and school burnout. The harm of working in a toxic work environment can outweigh many protective factors leading to poor mental health, illustrating the importance of nurturing healthier work environments. To minimize the detrimental effects of toxic workplaces on young workers, there needs to be a focus on preventing workplace toxicity before these workplaces can become toxic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".