Artificial Light‐Harvesting Systems with a Three‐Step Sequential Energy Transfer Mechanism for Efficient Photocatalytic Minisci‐Type Late‐Stage Functionalization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The natural process of photosynthesis involves a series of consecutive energy transfers, but achieving more steps of efficient energy transfer and photocatalytic organic conversion in artificial light‐harvesting systems (ALHSs) continues to pose a significant challenge. In the present investigation, a range of ALHSs showcasing a sophisticated three‐step energy transfer mechanism is designed, which are meticulously crafted using pillar[5]arene (WP[5]) and p‐phenylenevinylene derivative (PPTPy), utilizing host‐guest interactions as energy donors. Three distinct types of fluorescent dyes, namely Rhodamine B (RhB), Sulforhodamine 101 (SR101), and Cyanine 5 (Cy5), are employed as acceptors of energy. Starting from PPTPy‐2WP[5], energy is sequentially transferred to RhB, SR101, and Cy5, successfully constructing a multi‐step continuous energy transfer system with high energy transfer efficiency. More interestingly, as energy is progressively transferred, the efficiency of superoxide anion radical (O 2 •− ) generation gradually increased, while the efficiency of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) generation decreased, achieving the transformation from type II photosensitizer to type I photosensitizer. Furthermore, in order to fully utilize the energy harvested and reactive oxygen species (ROS) obtained, the ALHSs employ a multi‐step sequential energy transfer process to enhance Minisci‐type alkylation reactions with aldehydes through photocatalysis for late‐stage functionalization in an aqueous environment, achieving a 91% yield.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".