Steam Treatment Controls Cyclamen Mite ( <i>Phytonemus pallidus</i> ) Without Compromising Strawberry Plant Survival, Growth and Yield
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cyclamen mite is a pest of strawberry that is difficult to control due to its small size and preference for inhabiting concealed spaces in new plant growth. Steam treatment of transplants effectively reduces some strawberry pathogens and may be a valuable tool against cyclamen mite. Strawberry transplants (“Jewel” and “Annapolis”) that were artificially infested with cyclamen mite were steam-treated at 44°C for 1 h or at 48°C for 0.5 h. Both treatments reduced cyclamen mite numbers by > 99% compared to the control, and 44°C for 1 h had no negative effects on plant survival, growth or yield. In a second, similar, field experiment, transplants (“Jewel”) were categorized by crown size as small (6–8 mm) and large (10–13 mm) and steam-treated at 44°C for 1 or 4 h. Steam treatments reduced cyclamen mite numbers by 92–93% compared to the control, but in the 4 h treatment, survival of small crowns was 40%. Steam treatment of strawberry transplants at 44°C for 1 h is an effective tool and may reduce reliance on miticides for cyclamen mite control. Additional research is needed to determine the optimal steam treatment protocols for cyclamen mite control and to understand the effect of the steam treatment on strawberry transplants with different crown sizes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".