Ferriphoxite and carboferriphoxite: two new oxalato–phosphate minerals from the Rowley mine, Arizona, USA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Ferriphoxite, [(NH4)2K(H2O)][Fe3+(HPO4)2(C2O4)], and carboferriphoxite, [(NH4)K(H2CO3)][Fe3+(HPO4)(H2PO4)(C2O4)], are new mineral species from the Rowley mine, Maricopa County, Arizona, USA. They occur with antipinite, aphthitalite, baryte, fluorite, hematite and quartz in an unusual bat-guano-related, post-mining assemblage. Ferriphoxite occurs as rectangular blades, up to ∼0.1 mm in length, typically forming sprays. Carboferriphoxite occurs as needles or blades, up to ∼0.2 mm in length, typically forming fan- and bowtie-like sprays. Both species are colourless with white streak, vitreous lustre, ∼2 Mohs hardness, brittle tenacity and splintery fracture. Ferriphoxite has three good cleavages ({100}, {010} and {001}) and carboferriphoxite has two good cleavages (probably {100} and {001}). Both species have a measured density of 2.14(2) g·cm–3. Ferriphoxite is biaxial (+) with α = 1.524(3), β = 1.560(3), γ = 1.608(3) and 2Vmeas. = 83.9(4)°. Carboferriphoxite is biaxial (+) with α = 1.525(3), β = 1.555(calc), γ = 1.630(3) and 2Vmeas. = 67(1)°. Electron probe microanalysis gave {[(NH4)2.13K0.87]Σ3.00(H2O)} {(Fe3+0.95Al0.05)Σ1.00(HPO4)2(C2O4)} for ferriphoxite and {[(NH4)1.12K0.88]Σ2.00(H2CO3)} {(Fe3+0.78Al0.22)Σ1.00(HPO4)(H2PO4)(C2O4)} for carboferriphoxite. Ferriphoxite is monoclinic, P21/c, with a = 11.389(5), b = 6.352(3), c = 18.716(9), β = 102.887(9)°, V = 1319.8(11) Å3 and Z = 4. Carboferriphoxite is triclinic, P $\bar 1$ , with a = 6.4405(3), b = 9.399(5), c = 11.839(6) Å, α = 95.763(10), β = 92.314(10), γ = 100.665(8)°, V = 695.6(6) Å3 and Z = 2. The structures of ferriphoxite (R1 = 0.0678 for 1850 I > 2σI reflections) and carboferriphoxite (R1 = 0.0427 for 3602 I > 2σI reflections) both contain double-strand chains of corner-sharing Fe3+O6 octahedra and PO3(OH) tetrahedra. The chain in ferriphoxite is decorated by PO3OH tetrahedra and C2O4 groups and that in carboferriphoxite is decorated by PO2(OH)2 tetrahedra and C2O4 groups. The interstitial units in both structures contain K+ and NH4+ cations along with a H2O group in ferriphoxite and an H2CO3 group in carboferriphoxite.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".