System capacity building in Hong Kong education reform: Strategies, challenges, and achievement

System capacity has been well discussed in the western context and there are much evidence to support that the process of system capacity building is complicated. However, less research about system capacity building has been conducted in the context of eastern countries and regions. Hong Kong, as a special region where contains the culture from both eastern and western countries, has it’s own way of system capacity building. This article identified the strategies of system capacity building under the background of Hong Kong education reform including the curriculum reform, evaluation reform, teacher professional development and technology information implication in education. At the same time, achievements and challenges of system building in Hong Kong will be thoroughly discussed in this article as well. This article will make a contribution on understanding the theory of system capacity building in the context of the mixed culture in Hong Kong. Cited as: Xie, Q. (2024) System capacity building in Hong Kong education reform: Strategies, challenges, and achievement. Education and Lifelong Development Research, 1(3): 135-145. https://doi.org/10.46690/elder.2024.03.04 Reference Adedokun, M. O., & Oluwagbohunmi, M. F. (2015). Capacity building through adult education programmes for poverty alleviation in Nigerian communities. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 6(7), 259-264. Berry, R. (2011). Assessment trends in Hong Kong: Seeking to establish formative assessment in an examination culture. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 18(2), 199-211. Cheng, Y. C. (2001). Educational relevance, quality and effectiveness: Paradigm shifts. In Invited keynote speech at the 14th International Congress for School Effectiveness and Improvement (ICSEI): Equity, Globalization and Change: Education for the 21st Century, Toronto, Ontario. Cheng, Y. C. (2003). School leadership and three waves of education reforms. Cambridge Journal of Education, 33(3), 417-439. Cheng, Y. C., & Townsend, T. (2000). Educational change and development in the Asia-Pacific region: Trends and issues. In Educational Change and Development in the Asia-Pacific Region: Challenges for the Future (pp. 317-343). Lisse, the Netherlands: Swets and Zeitlinger. Cheng, Y. C., & Walker, A. (2008). When reform hits reality: The bottleneck effect in Hong Kong primary schools. School Leadership and Management, 28(5), 505-521. Cheng, Y. C. (2001, February). Towards the third wave of education reforms in Hong Kong. Keynote speech at the International Forum on Education Reforms in the Asia-Pacific Region, Hong Kong. Cheng, Y. C. (2009). Hong Kong educational reforms in the last decade: Reform syndrome and new developments. International Journal of Educational Management, 23(1), 65-86. Cheng, G. (2014). Exploring students' learning styles in relation to their acceptance and attitudes towards using Second Life in education: A case study in Hong Kong. Computers & Education, 70, 105-115. Cheung, C. K. A., & Wong, P. M. (2012). Factors affecting the implementation of curriculum reform in Hong Kong: Key findings from a large-scale survey study. International Journal of Educational Management, 26(1), 39-54. Committee on Professional Development of Teachers and Principals. (2015). Odyssey to excellence. Hong Kong. Committee on Professional Development of Teachers and Principals. (2009). Towards a learning profession: Third report on teachers’ continuing professional development. Hong Kong. Copland, M. A. (2003). Leadership of inquiry: Building and sustaining capacity for school improvement. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 25(4), 375-395. Curriculum Development Council. (2001). Learning to learn: Lifelong learning and whole person development. Government Printer, Hong Kong. Dobie, P. (2004). Models for national strategies: building capacity for sustainable development. Development Policy Journal, 1, 1-18. Education and Manpower Bureau. (1998). Information technology for learning in a new era. Government Printer, Hong Kong. Education and Manpower Bureau. (2005). The new academic structure for senior secondary education and higher education - Action plan for investing in the future of Hong Kong. Government Printer, Hong Kong. Education Bureau. (2015). Realizing IT potential, unleashing learning power. Government Printer, Hong Kong. Education Commission. (1997). Education commission report No. 7: Quality school education. Hong Kong: Government Printer. Fok, P. K., & Ip, W. H. (2010). The decade review of Hong Kong curriculum reform: An analysis of contextual perspective. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 5(1), 1-37. Forlin, C. (2010). Developing and implementing quality inclusive education in Hong Kong: Implications for teacher education. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 10, 177-184. Fullan, M. (2000). The three stories of education reform. Phi Delta Kappan, 81(8), 581-584. Fullan, M. (2010). The future of educational change: System thinkers in action. Journal of educational change, 7(3), 113-122. Fullan, M. (2009). Large-scale reform comes of age. Journal of Educational Change, 10(2-3), 101-113. Harris, A. (2011). System improvement through collective capacity building. Journal of Educational Administration, 49(6), 624-636. Hargreaves, D. H. (2011). System redesign for system capacity building. Journal of educational administration, 49(6), 685-700. Hopkins, D., & Jackson, D. (2013). Building the capacity for leading and learning. In Effective leadership for school improvement (pp. 84-104). Routledge. King, M. B., & Newmann, F. M. (2001). Building school capacity through professional development: Conceptual and empirical considerations. International Journal of Educational Management, 15(2), 86-94. Massell, D. (2000). The district role in building capacity: Four strategies. CPRE Policy Briefs. Mathur, S. R., Clark, H. G., & Schoenfeld, N. A. (2009). Professional development: A capacity-building model for juvenile correctional education systems. Journal of Correctional Education, 60(2), 164-185. McKinsey Education (2009). Shaping the future: How good education systems can become great in the decade ahead. McKinsey & Company, Singapore. Morris, P., & Adamson, B. (2010). Curriculum, schooling and society in Hong Kong (Vol. 1). Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. Mulford, B. (2007). Building social capital in professional learning communities: Importance, challenges and a way forward. In Professional Learning Communities: Divergence, Depth and Dilemmas (pp. 166-180). London: Open University Press and McGraw Hill. News.gov.cn (2023). Bringing AI into classroom. https://www.news.gov.hk/eng/2023/01/20230116/20230116_110626_007.html NPEC (2013). Why Did Florida Schools’ Grades Improve Dramatically Between 1999 and 2005? https://nepc.colorado.edu/blog/why-did-florida-schools%E2%80%99-grades-improve-dramatically-between-1999-and-2005 O’Day, J., Goertz, M.E., & Floden, R.E. (1995). Building capacity for education reform. CPRE Policy Briefs. Sharratt, L., & Fullan, M. (2009). Realization: The change imperative for deepening district-wide reform. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Corwin Press. Stiggins, R. J., & Chappuis, J. (2012). An introduction to student-involved assessment for learning (pp. 29-30). Boston, MA: Pearson. Stoll, L. (2009). Capacity building for school improvement or creating capacity for learning? A changing landscape. Journal of Educational Change, 10(2-3), 115-127. Stoll, L. (2010). Connecting learning communities: Capacity building for systemic change. In: Hargreaves, A., Lieberman, A., Fullan, M., Hopkins, D. (eds), Second international handbook of educationalcChange. Springer International Handbooks of Education (pp. 469-484). Springer, Dordrecht. Stoll, L., & Bolam, R. (2004). Developing leadership for learning communities. In Developing leadership: Creating the schools of tomorrow (pp. 50-66). Stoll, L., & Earl, L. (2003). Making it last: Building capacity for sustainability. Pearson Education. Wang, F. L., Zhang, R., Zou, D., Au, O., & Xie, H. (2019). On Hong Kong primary school English teachers' acceptance of technology-enhanced language learning and teaching. In 2019 International Symposium on Educational Technology (ISET) (pp. 233-235). Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic: IEEE. Wong, G. K. (2016). The behavioral intentions of Hong Kong primary teachers in adopting educational technology. Educational Technology Research and Development, 64(2), 313-338.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.