Oxychloride Polyanion Clustered Solid‐State Electrolytes via Hydrate‐Assisted Synthesis for All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) play a vital role in the development of high‐energy all‐solid‐state batteries. However, most adopted mechanical ball milling and/or high‐temperature annealing are ineffective approaches for large‐scale synthesis. Herein, a universal and scalable hydrate‐assisted strategy for the synthesis of oxychloride SSEs is developed based on the chemical reaction among alkali chlorides, AlCl 3 , and AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O. The synthesized aluminum‐based oxychloride SSEs possess a high Li + conductivity over 1 mS cm −1 at 30 °C. The final aluminum‐based oxychloride SSEs are structurally heterogeneous with nm‐sized LiCl‐like and LiAlCl 4 crystallites and large amounts of amorphous [Al a O b Cl c ] (2 b + c −3 a )− components. Faster local mobility of Li + ions in amorphous structures is verified and is attributable to weakened Li + ‐X − interactions ensured by the [Al a O b Cl c ] (2 b + c −3 a )− polyanions. The potential applications for this synthesis technique are further demonstrated by kilogram‐scale reactions and synthesis of other oxychloride SSEs including zirconium‐based and tantalum‐based analogs. These findings not only provide a new simple, scalable, and energy‐efficient synthesis route for oxychloride SSEs but also further promote their application in all‐solid‐state batteries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".