In vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of new bis-quaternary ammonium compounds based on natural products
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Continuing the search for new antimicrobial agents with antibiofilm activity, bis-quaternary ammonium compounds based on natural (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid derivatives were synthesized. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of ammonium salts was evaluated in vitro against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa, including antibiotic-resistant strains. Bis-quaternary ammonium salts 1, 5, and 6 showed antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 25.0 to 200.0 μg/mL. Notably, these compounds demonstrated a high level of antibiofilm activity. Ammonium salts 1 and 6 reduced biofilm formation against S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. aeruginosa PA01, E. coli ATCC 25922, and antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa by 92 - 97% at a concentration of 100.0 μg/mL. In addition, compounds 1 and 6 inhibited the biofilm formation of antibiotic-resistant E. coli isolate by 60% and 63%, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".