← Back to cohort
Methods and stability tests associated with the sterile neutrino search using improved high-energy <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> event reconstruction in IceCube
R. Abbasi, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, Jean-Marco Alameddine, N. M. Amin, K. Andeen, C. Argüelles, Yosuke Ashida, S. Athanasiadou, L. Ausborm, Spencer Axani, X. Bai, Aswathi Balagopal, M. Baricevic, S. W. Barwick, Simeon Bash, Vedant Basu, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, J. Becker Tjus, Jakob Beise, C. Bellenghi, Charlotte Benning, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Z. Besson, E. Blaufuss, Linda B. Bloom, Summer Blot, F. Bontempo, Julia Book, Caterina Boscolo Meneguolo, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Böttcher, J. Braun, Bennett Brinson, J. Brostean-Kaiser, Livia Brusa, Ryan T. Burley, Delaney Butterfield, Michael Campana, I. Caracas, K. Carloni, J. Graciá‐Carpio, S. Chattopadhyay, Thien Nhan Chau, Z. Chen, D. Chirkin, S. Choi, Brian Clark, Alan Coleman, G. H. Collin, A. Connolly, J. M. Conrad, P. Coppin, Rebecca Corley, P. Correa, D. F. Cowen, P. Dave, C. De Clercq, J. J. DeLaunay, Diyaselis Delgado, Sen Deng, Abhishek Desai, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, A. Diaz, J. C. Díaz–Vélez, P. Dierichs, M. Dittmer, A. Domi, Lincoln Draper, H. Dujmovic, K. Dutta, M. A. DuVernois, T. Ehrhardt, Leonhard Eidenschink, A. Eimer, P. Eller, E. Ellinger, Sharif El Mentawi, Dominik Elsässer, R. Engel, H. Erpenbeck, J. C. Evans, P. A. Evenson, Kwok Lung Fan, Ke Fang, Kareem Ramadan Farrag, A. R. Fazely, A. Fedynitch, N. Feigl, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, C. Finley, L. Fischer, D. B. Fox, A. Franckowiak, S. Fukami, Philipp Fürst, J. Gallagher, Erik Ganster, Alfonso Garcia, M. García, Gaurav Garg, Eliot Genton, L. Gerhardt, A. Ghadimi, C. Girard-Carillo, Christian Gläser, T. Glüsenkamp, J. G. Gonzalez, Sreetama Goswami, Alejandra Granados, Darren Grant, S. J. Gray, Oliver Gries, S. Griffin, S. Griswold, Kathrine Mørch Groth, C. Günther, Pascal Gutjahr, C. Ha, Christian Haack, A. Hallgren, L. Halve, F. Halzen, H. Hamdaoui, Martin Ha Minh, Michael Handt, K. Hanson, J. Hardin, A. A. Harnisch, P. Hatch, A. Haungs, Jonas Häußler, K. Helbing, Jonas Hellrung, J. Hermannsgabner, L. Heuermann, N. Heyer, S. Hickford, Attila Hidvégi, C. Hill, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, Sam Hori, K. Hoshina, Matheus Hostert, Wenjie Hou, Thomas Huber, K. Hultqvist, M. Hünnefeld, R. Hussain, Karolin Hymon, A. Ishihara, W. Iwakiri, M. Jacquart, Oliver Janik, M. Jansson, G. S. Japaridze, Minjin Jeong, Miaochen Jin, B. J. P. Jones, N. Kamp, Dong Woo Kang, Woosik Kang, X. Kang, A. Kappes, D. Kappesser, Leonora Kardum, T. Karg, M. Karl, A. Karle, Akanksha Katil, U. Katz, M. Kauer, J. L. Kelley, Manish Khanal, A. Khatee Zathul, Ali Kheirandish, J. Kiryluk, A. Kochocki, R. Koirala, H. Kolanoski, T. Kontrimas, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, Paras Koundal, Michael Kovacevich, M. Kowalski, Tetiana Kozynets, J. Krishnamoorthi, Karlijn Kruiswijk, E. Krupczak, Ashok Kumar, E. Kun, N. Kurahashi, N. N. Lad, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, M. Lamoureux, M. J. Larson, Silvia Latseva, Frederik Hermann Lauber, J. P. Lazar, J. W. Lee, Kayla Leonard DeHolton, A. Leszczyńska, J. Y. Liao, M. Lincetto, Yantao Liu, Maria Liubarska, E. Lohfink, Christina Love, L. Lu, Francesco Lucarelli, W. Luszczak, J. Madsen, Else Magnus, K. B. M. Mahn, Yuya Makino, Elena Manao, Sarah Mancina, W. Marie Sainte, Ioana Codrina Mariş, S. Marka, Z. Márka, M. Marsee, I. Martinez-Soler, R. Maruyama, Finn Mayhew, F. McNally, J. V. Mead, K. Meagher, S. Mechbal, Andrés Medina, Maximilian Meier, Yarno Merckx, Lukas Merten, Jessie Micallef, J. Mitchell, T. Montaruli, R. W. Moore, Yasutsugu Morii, R. Morse, Marjon Moulai, T. Mukherjee, Richard Naab, Ryo Nagai, M. Nakos, U. Naumann, Jannis Necker, Akshima Negi, Ludwig Neste, M. Neumann, H. Niederhausen, M. U. Nisa, K. Noda, A. Noell, A. Novikov, A. Obertacke Pollmann, Vivian O'Dell, Bob Oeyen, A. Olivas, R. Orsoe, J. Osborn, Erin O’Sullivan, H. Pandya, N. Park, G. K. Parker, Ek Narayan Paudel, L. Paul, C. Pérez de los Heros, Teresa Pernice, J. Peterson, S. Philippen, A. Pizzuto, M. Plum, Axel Ponten, Yuriy Popovych, M. Prado Rodriguez, B. Pries, R. Procter-Murphy, G. T. Przybylski, Christoph Raab, J. Rack-Helleis, Martin Langgård Ravn, K. Rawlins, Zoë Rechav, Abdul Rehman, P. Reichherzer, E. Resconi, Simeon Reusch, W. Rhode, B. Riedel, Adam Rifaie, E. J. Roberts, S. Robertson, S. Rodan, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Martin Rongen, Aske Rosted, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, L. Ruohan, D. Ryckbosch, I. Safa, Julian Saffer, D. Salazar-Gallegos, P. Sampathkumar, Alexander Sandrock, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, S. Sarkar, J. Savelberg, Pierpaolo Savina, Patrick Schaile, M. Schaufel, H. Schieler, S. Schindler, B. Schlüter, Felix Schlüter, Nick Schmeisser, T. Schmidt, J. Schneider, Frank Schröder, L. Schumacher, S. Sclafani, D. Seckel, Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh, Minhye Seo, S. Seunarine, P. Sevle Myhr, R. Shah, S. Shefali, N. Shimizu, M. Silva, B. Skrzypek, B. Smithers, R. Snihur, Jan Soedingrekso, A. Søgaard, Dennis Soldin, A. Stahl, Giacomo Sommani, Christian Spannfellner, G. M. Spiczak, Christian Spiering, C. Sponsler, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, T. Stürwald, T. Stuttard, G. W. Sullivan, I. Taboada, S. Ter–Antonyan, A. Terliuk, Matthias Thiesmeyer, W. G. Thompson, J. Thwaites, S. Tilav, K. Tollefson, C. Tönnis, Simona Toscano, D. Tosi, Alexander Trettin, R. Turcotte, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Anuj Kumar Upadhyay, K. Upshaw, A. Vaidyanathan, N. Valtonen-Mattila, J. Vandenbroucke, N. van Eijndhoven, D. Vannerom, J. van Santen, J. Vara, J. Veitch-Michaelis, M. Venugopal, Matthias Vereecken, Stef Verpoest, D. Veske, A. Vijai, C. Walck, Andrew Wang, C. Weaver, P. Weigel, A. Weindl, Jan Weldert, Alex Wen, C. Wendt, J. Werthebach, M. Weyrauch, N. Whitehorn, C. H. Wiebusch, D. R. Williams, Lucas Witthaus, A. Wolf, M. Wolf, Gerrit Wrede, X. W. Xu, J. P. Yanez, Emre Burak Yildizci, S. Yoshida, R. Young, Shaoqing Yu, T. Yuan, Z. Zhang, P. Zhelnin, Perri Zilberman, Melany Zimmerman
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical review. D/Physical review. D. · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicAstrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Canadian institutionsQueen's UniversityUniversity of AlbertaInstitute of Particle Physics
FundersOffice of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive ResearchJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaPhysics Division, National Center for Theoretical SciencesOffice of Polar ProgramsCollege of Engineering, Michigan State UniversityHelmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle PhysicsAlliance de recherche numérique du CanadaChiba UniversityInstitute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRSMarsden FundBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungH2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie ActionsSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftDeutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronNational Energy Research Scientific Computing CenterCanada Foundation for InnovationMarquette UniversityHarvard UniversityUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonPolarforskningssekretariatetUniversity of MarylandWisconsin Alumni Research FoundationNational Research Foundation of KoreaVillum FondenNational Research FoundationMichigan State UniversityCarlsbergfondetNvidiaVetenskapsrådetU.S. Department of EnergyUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonCompute CanadaBelgian Federal Science Policy OfficeNational Science FoundationGoogleAustralian Research CouncilWestern Canada Research GridOffice of Advanced CyberinfrastructureMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyEuropean Commission
KeywordsNeutrinoPhysicsMuonEnergy (signal processing)Analytical Chemistry (journal)CrystallographyParticle physicsChemistry
Abstract
We provide supporting details for the search for a 3 + 1 sterile neutrino using data collected over 10.7 years at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The analysis uses atmospheric muon-flavored neutrinos from 0.5 to 100 TeV that traverse Earth to reach the IceCube detector and finds a best-fit point at sin 2 ( 2 θ 24 ) = 0.16 and Δ m 41 2 = 3.5 eV 2 with a goodness-of-fit p value of 12% and consistency with the null hypothesis of no oscillations to sterile neutrinos with a p value of 3.1%. Several improvements were made over past analyses, which are reviewed in this article, including upgrades to the reconstruction and the study of sources of systematic uncertainty. We provide details of the fit quality and discuss stability tests that split the data for separate samples, comparing results. We find that the fits are consistent between split datasets. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.023
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.089
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: Methods
Teacher disagreement score0.023
Threshold uncertainty score0.123
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.023 | 0.089 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.019
GPT teacher head0.333
Teacher spread0.314 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreMethods
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations6
Published2024
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes