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Search for an eV-Scale Sterile Neutrino Using Improved High-Energy <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> Event Reconstruction in IceCube
R. Abbasi, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, Jean-Marco Alameddine, N. M. Amin, K. Andeen, C. Argüelles, Yosuke Ashida, S. Athanasiadou, L. Ausborm, Spencer Axani, X. Bai, Aswathi Balagopal, M. Baricevic, S. W. Barwick, Simeon Bash, V. Basu, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, J. Becker Tjus, J. Beise, C. Bellenghi, Charlotte Benning, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Z. Besson, E. Blaufuss, Linda B. Bloom, Summer Blot, F. Bontempo, Julia Book, Caterina Boscolo Meneguolo, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Böttcher, J. Braun, Bennett Brinson, J. Brostean-Kaiser, Livia Brusa, Ryan T. Burley, Delaney Butterfield, Michael Campana, I. Caracas, K. Carloni, J. Graciá‐Carpio, S. Chattopadhyay, Thien Nhan Chau, Z. Chen, D. Chirkin, S. Choi, Brian Clark, Alan Coleman, G. H. Collin, A. Connolly, J. M. Conrad, P. Coppin, Rebecca Corley, P. Correa, D. F. Cowen, P. Dave, C. De Clercq, J. J. DeLaunay, D. Delgado, Sen Deng, Aman Mukeshbhai Desai, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, A. Diaz, J. C. Díaz–Vélez, P. Dierichs, M. Dittmer, A. Domi, Lincoln Draper, H. Dujmovic, K. Dutta, M. A. DuVernois, T. Ehrhardt, Leonhard Eidenschink, A. Eimer, P. Eller, E. Ellinger, Sharif El Mentawi, Dominik Elsässer, R. Engel, H. Erpenbeck, J. C. Evans, P. A. Evenson, Kwok Lung Fan, Ke Fang, Kareem Ramadan Farrag, A. R. Fazely, A. Fedynitch, N. Feigl, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, C. Finley, L. Fischer, D. Fox, A. Franckowiak, S. Fukami, Philipp Fürst, J. Gallagher, Erik Ganster, Alfonso Garcia, M. García, Gaurav Garg, Eliot Genton, L. Gerhardt, A. Ghadimi, C. Girard-Carillo, Christian Gläser, T. Glüsenkamp, J. G. Gonzalez, Sreetama Goswami, Alejandra Granados, Darren Grant, S. J. Gray, Oliver Gries, S. Griffin, S. Griswold, Kathrine Mørch Groth, C. Günther, Pascal Gutjahr, C. Ha, Christian Haack, A. Hallgren, L. Halve, F. Halzen, H. Hamdaoui, M. Ha Minh, Michael Handt, K. Hanson, J. Hardin, A. A. Harnisch, P. Hatch, A. Haungs, Jonas Häußler, K. Helbing, Jonas Hellrung, J. Hermannsgabner, L. Heuermann, N. Heyer, S. Hickford, Attila Hidvégi, C. Hill, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, Sam Hori, K. Hoshina, Matheus Hostert, Wenjie Hou, T. Huber, K. Hultqvist, M. Hünnefeld, R. Hussain, Karolin Hymon, A. Ishihara, W. Iwakiri, M. Jacquart, Oliver Janik, M. Jansson, G. S. Japaridze, M. Jeong, Miaochen Jin, B. J. P. Jones, N. Kamp, D. Kang, Woosik Kang, X. Kang, A. Kappes, D. Kappesser, Leonora Kardum, T. Karg, M. Karl, A. Karle, Akanksha Katil, U. Katz, M. Kauer, J. L. Kelley, Manish Khanal, A. Khatee Zathul, Ali Kheirandish, J. Kiryluk, A. Kochocki, R. Koirala, H. Kolanoski, T. Kontrimas, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, Paras Koundal, Michael Kovacevich, M. Kowalski, Tetiana Kozynets, J. Krishnamoorthi, Karlijn Kruiswijk, E. Krupczak, Anil Kumar, E. Kun, N. Kurahashi, N. N. Lad, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, M. Lamoureux, M. J. Larson, Silvia Latseva, Frederik Hermann Lauber, J. P. Lazar, J. W. Lee, Kayla Leonard DeHolton, A. Leszczyńska, J. Y. Liao, M. Lincetto, Yantao Liu, Maria Liubarska, E. Lohfink, Christina Love, L. Lu, Francesco Lucarelli, W. Luszczak, J. Madsen, Else Magnus, K. B. M. Mahn, Yuya Makino, Elena Manao, Sarah Mancina, W. Marie Sainte, Ioana Codrina Mariş, S. Marka, Z. Márka, M. Marsee, I. Martinez-Soler, R. Maruyama, Finn Mayhew, F. McNally, J. V. Mead, K. Meagher, S. Mechbal, Andrés Medina, M. Meier, Yarno Merckx, Lukas Merten, J. Micallef, J. Mitchell, T. Montaruli, R. W. Moore, Yasutsugu Morii, R. Morse, Marjon Moulai, T. Mukherjee, Richard Naab, Ryo Nagai, M. Nakos, U. Naumann, Jannis Necker, Akshima Negi, Ludwig Neste, M. Neumann, H. Niederhausen, M. U. Nisa, K. Noda, A. Noell, A. Novikov, A. Obertacke Pollmann, Vivian O'Dell, B. Oeyen, A. Olivas, R. Orsoe, J. Osborn, Erin O’Sullivan, H. Pandya, N. Park, G. K. Parker, Ek Narayan Paudel, L. Paul, C. Pérez de los Heros, Teresa Pernice, J. Peterson, S. Philippen, A. Pizzuto, M. Plum, Axel Ponten, Yuriy Popovych, M. Prado Rodriguez, B. Pries, R. Procter-Murphy, G. T. Przybylski, Christoph Raab, J. Rack-Helleis, Martin Langgård Ravn, K. Rawlins, Zoë Rechav, Abdul Rehman, P. Reichherzer, E. Resconi, Simeon Reusch, W. Rhode, B. Riedel, Adam Rifaie, E. J. Roberts, S. Robertson, S. Rodan, G. Roellinghoff, Martin Rongen, Aske Rosted, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, L. Ruohan, D. Ryckbosch, I. Safa, Julian Saffer, D. Salazar-Gallegos, P. Sampathkumar, Alexander Sandrock, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, S. Sarkar, J. Savelberg, Pierpaolo Savina, Patrick Schaile, M. Schaufel, H. Schieler, S. Schindler, B. Schlüter, Felix Schlüter, Nick Schmeisser, T. Schmidt, J. Schneider, Frank Schröder, L. Schumacher, S. Sclafani, D. Seckel, Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh, Minhye Seo, S. Seunarine, P. Sevle Myhr, R. Shah, S. Shefali, N. Shimizu, M. Silva, B. Skrzypek, B.R Smithers, R. Snihur, J. Soedingrekso, A. Søgaard, Dennis Soldin, A. Stahl, Giacomo Sommani, C. Spannfellner, G. M. Spiczak, Christian Spiering, C. Sponsler, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, T. Stürwald, T. Stuttard, G.W. Sullivan, I. Taboada, G. Anton, A. Terliuk, Matthias Thiesmeyer, W. G. Thompson, J. Thwaites, S. Tilav, K. Tollefson, C. Tönnis, Simona Toscano, D. Tosi, Alexander Trettin, R. Turcotte, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Anuj Kumar Upadhyay, K. Upshaw, A. Vaidyanathan, N. Valtonen-Mattila, J. Vandenbroucke, N. van Eijndhoven, D. Vannerom, J. V. Santen, J. Vara, J. Veitch-Michaelis, M. Venugopal, Matthias Vereecken, Stef Verpoest, D. Veske, A. Vijai, C. Walck, Andrew Wang, C. Weaver, P. Weigel, A. Weindl, Jan Weldert, Alex Wen, C. Wendt, J. Werthebach, M. Weyrauch, N. Whitehorn, C. H. Wiebusch, D. R. Williams, Lucas Witthaus, A. Wolf, M. Wolf, G. Wrede, X. W. Xu, J. P. Yanez, Emre Burak Yildizci, S. Yoshida, R. Young, Shiqi Yu, T. Yuan, Z. Zhang, P. Zhelnin, Perri Zilberman, Melany Zimmerman
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical Review Letters · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicAstrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Canadian institutionsUniversity of AlbertaQueen's University
FundersOffice of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive ResearchJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaPhysics Division, National Center for Theoretical SciencesOffice of Polar ProgramsCollege of Engineering, Michigan State UniversityHelmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle PhysicsAlliance de recherche numérique du CanadaChiba UniversityInstitute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekMarsden FundBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungH2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie ActionsSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftDeutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronNational Energy Research Scientific Computing CenterCanada Foundation for InnovationMarquette UniversityHarvard UniversityPolarforskningssekretariatetUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRSUniversity of MarylandWisconsin Alumni Research FoundationNational Research Foundation of KoreaVillum FondenNational Research FoundationMichigan State UniversityCarlsbergfondetNvidiaVetenskapsrådetU.S. Department of EnergyUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonAustralian Research CouncilWestern Canada Research GridOffice of Advanced CyberinfrastructureMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyEuropean CommissionCompute CanadaBelgian Federal Science Policy OfficeNational Science Foundation
KeywordsNeutrinoPhysicsEnergy (signal processing)MuonAlgorithmParticle physicsMathematicsQuantum mechanics
Abstract
This Letter presents the result of a 3+1 sterile neutrino search using 10.7 yr of IceCube data. We analyze atmospheric muon neutrinos that traverse the Earth with energies ranging from 0.5 to 100 TeV, incorporating significant improvements in modeling neutrino flux and detector response compared to earlier studies. Notably, for the first time, we categorize data into starting and throughgoing events, distinguishing neutrino interactions with vertices inside or outside the instrumented volume, to improve energy resolution. The best-fit point for a 3+1 model is found to be at sin^{2}(2θ_{24})=0.16 and Δm_{41}^{2}=3.5 eV^{2}, which agrees with previous iterations of this Letter. The result is consistent with the null hypothesis of no sterile neutrinos with a p value of 3.1%.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.872
Threshold uncertainty score0.999
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.157 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.258
Teacher spread0.241 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations12
Published2024
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes