High Frequency Surface Wave Radar Studies of Inertial Oscillations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since its inception almost 70 years ago, high frequency (HF) surface wave radar (SWR) has become ubiquitous in ocean physics research. Validation is an important aspect of this relatively new technology and presents interesting chal-lenges. In situ measurements viz.: current meters and drifters yield, respectively, instantaneous Eulerian and Lagrangian current vectors. In contrast, HFSWR vectors are inherently spatio-temporally averaged, thereby confounding direct comparison with in situ results. An additional challenge is that typical standard deviations and means of current velocities are close. We proposed an approach to validation whereby a wind driven one dimensional inertial oscillation model is fitted to the current meter observations. Model radial velocities are then compared against those of a monostatic radar. We found the radar and model velocities to be highly correlated for several days following the excitation of oscillations by a transient wind event.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".