Reconfigurable Unit Cell Design Using MEMS Actuator for Beam-Steering Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article proposes a reconfigurable reflective unit cell utilizing micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) actuator at Ku-band for use in reconfigurable reflective arrays. The proposed unit cell consists of a MEMS actuator and an electric-LC (ELC) resonator with its capacitive slot extended to two pads in the ground plane using two vias. The MEMS actuator is positioned beneath the ground plane spaced with a gap from the two pads. The total capacitance of the unit cell will change by the actuator’s movement, resulting in a variation in reflection phase. The utilized MEMS actuator is a thermal actuator with large displacement of about 1 mm. It was fabricated using PolyMUMPs process which is a three-layer polysilicon micromachining process. To validate the simulation results, a prototype of the proposed unit cell was fabricated and measured using a waveguide measurement set up. Measurements are in good agreement with simulation results, showing a continuous 260° reflection phase at 13.2 GHz. Additionally, an$11\times 11$elements reflect array was simulated in different modes to shows versatile beam-steering capability of the proposed structure. Simulation results show satisfactory beam-steering capability using proposed structure in the array. Although the proposed structure was employed at Ku-band, the underlying concept promises to be highly useful in beam-steering application at millimeter-wave and sub-terahertz frequency bands, where semiconductor technology fails to provide tuning elements with a reasonable RF performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".