Bibliographic record
Abstract
U.S. immigration policies marginalize and inferiorize non-Northern or Western European immigrants (Al-khersan & Shahshahani, 2022). This integrative literature review, framed through the lens of critical librarianship, examines the role of public libraries and librarians in serving and developing immigrant communities within the context of U.S. immigration policies. A qualitative content analysis of 38 articles reveals that while public libraries play crucial roles for immigrants upon entry into the United States, their services fall short of including the heterogeneity of immigrants and fostering lasting relationships with immigrant populations. The roots of this impediment can be traced to the deficit-based paradigm and need-orientedness of the public library’s approach to immigrants, initiated by the Americanization movement (Ndumu & Ramnine, 2021). A gap was identified, indicating that empirical research is needed to interrogate the leadership roles of public libraries in community development alongside immigrant groups in the U.S.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.012 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.075 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".