Helen Howitt una semilla canadienseen la enfermeria latinoamericana
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Este trabajo se propone hacer visible la presencia de HelenHowitt en la enfermeria latinoamericana Paralelamentepretende hacer un analisis de la influencia politica del ServicioCooperativo Interamericano de Salud Publica en la enfermeriade la region y la presencia de organizaciones religiosas especialmentenorteamericanas en varios paises latinoamericanosHelen Howitt enfermera canadiense egresada de la Universidadde Alberta fue enviada en 1942 por la OPS para queasesorara en Colombia al Ministerio de Trabajo Higiene y PrevisionSocial Paso a formar parte del proyecto de apertura y organizacionde la Escuela Nacional Superior de Enfermeras yfue su primera directoraHelen Howitt fue directora de la Escuela de Enfermeriadel Hospital Santo Tomas de la Zona del Canal de Panama entre1933 y 1938 luego fundadora y primera directora de laEscuela Nacional Superior de Enfermeras de Colombia entrelos anos 1943 y 1951 posteriormente de la Escuela Nacional deEnfermeras de Bolivia entre 1953 y 1959 cuando fue invitada acumplir un cargo similar en Venezuela A todos estos paises llegoprimero como consultora del respectivo Ministerio de Saluda traves de convenios con el Servicio Cooperativo Interamericanode Salud PublicaLa Fundacion Rockefeller daba becas para todos los paiseslatinos En la Escuela del Hospital Santo Tomas de Panama habiaestudiantes de toda la America Central Venezuela Colombiahasta del Ecuador y la Argentina La Rockefeller queriaunificar la enfermeria en toda Latinoamerica Llego primero aVenezuela y las enfermeras que se graduaron en Panama fueronlas lideres en America Latina donde trataron de fundar escuelas
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.027 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".